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Which is not a type of IND?

  1. Commercial IND

  2. Investigator IND

  3. Patient IND

  4. Treatment IND

The correct answer is: Patient IND

An IND stands for Investigational New Drug, which is a request for authorization from the FDA to administer an unapproved drug or biological product to people, with the aim of researching and evaluating its safety and effectiveness. A commercial IND is submitted by a pharmaceutical company seeking to market the drug, while an investigator IND is submitted by a researcher or physician conducting clinical trials on the drug. A treatment IND is also submitted by a physician, but for experimental use in patients with serious or life-threatening conditions. Therefore, the option that is not a type of IND is C, the patient IND, as it often refers to an individual's medical record rather than a submission for FDA review.